In 1836 he married his cousin Virginia but despite his prolific activities – journalism, poetry, lecturing, short stories, publishing, criticism and experimentation with fictional genres, including the detective novel which he virtually invented with the publication of The Murders in the Rue Morgue (1841) – he received scant recognition for his efforts until the publication of The Raven in 1845. The poem’s instant popularity gave him a new visibility in literary circles, but his personal situation remained desperate: poverty, illness, drink, and the physical decline and ultimate death of Virginia in 1847 led to his untimely and premature decline. In 1849 he was found sick, injured and semi-conscious in a Baltimore tavern. Taken to hospital, he lingered on for four days, but never recovered and on October 7th Edgar Allan Poe died at the age of 40.
He was one of the most original writers in the history of American letters – a genius who, thanks to his dire reputation, was tragically misunderstood during his lifetime. It was not until Baudelaire enthusiastically translated his work that he found a wider audience in Europe, and became not only an enormous influence on modern French literature but also on the acclaimed work of writers such as Dostoevsky, Conan Doyle and Jules Verne.
About the Author
Edgar Allan Poe
Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849) was an American writer who, despite being plagued by problems with drink, drugs, gambling, depression and madness, created a body of work which has had a lasting influence on three genres: fantasy and science fiction, detective fiction and horror stories
Edgar Allan Poe was born in Boston, Massachusetts on 19 January 1809. Poe was raised by a Richmond merchant, John Allan, after the early death of his parents. Later, he took Allan as his middle name. The family moved to England, and he went to school in Stoke Newington from 1815 – 1820. He completed his schooling in the United States and entered the University of Virginia in 1826, but was expelled soon after due to his gambling debts. This led to a quarrel with John Allan, who refused to pay Poe’s debts and later disowned him. In 1827 he joined the army under an assumed name and in 1830 entered West Point Military Academy, from where he was dismissed the following year for intentional neglect of his duties. In 1833 he lived in Baltimore with his father’s sister and won a prize of $50 for a short story. It was during these years that Poe wrote some of his best-known stories.
In 1836 he married his 13-year old cousin Virginia Clemm. She burst a blood vessel in 1842, and remained a virtual invalid until her death in 1847. Poe had struggled with a drink and drugs problem, and after the death of his wife these problems became much worse, and were further complicated by poverty and nervous disorder. Nevertheless, Poe managed to produce a steady stream of reviews, critical essays, poems and short stories.
Poe suffered from severe bouts of depression and madness, and he attempted suicide in 1848. In 1849, after a period of heavy drinking, he disappeared for three days. He was found in a delirious condition in a Baltimore gutter and died on 07 October 1849.
Despite his personal problems, he created a body of work which has had a lasting influence on three genres: fantasy and science fiction, detective fiction and horror stories. Jules Verne read his stories in translation and was inspired. Poe created C. Auguste Dupin, before the term ‘detective’ had been coined, influencing Conan Doyle and countless others. His horror stories reshaped the genre, and invented themes still in common use today.
He wrote many short stories and poems which have been published by Wordsworth Editions as, The Collected Tales and Poems of Edgar Allan Poe, The Collected Works of Edgar Allan Poe, and Tales of Mystery and Imagination by Edgar Allan Poe.
